Rice is the most widely consumed staple food for world's
human population. After Maize (Corn), it is the grain which covers second
highest worldwide production. It provides 1/5th of the
calories consumed worldwide by human species. Its cultivation is
well-suited to countries and regions with low labor costs and high
rainfall, as it is labor-intensive to cultivate & require ample water.
Rice is the second biggest foreign exchange earning commodity.
Price of rice mainly depend on weather condition in growing area,
Government policies, availability of substitute products, world demand and
supply conditions, consumption, seasonal cycles and rice carryover stocks.
Indian plays a major role in white rice production, accounting for 20% of
all world rice production. Indian rice production reached 104.32 million
tons in 2011-2012 crop year (July-June). In India rice is a Kharif
Crop, usually sown with the beginning of the first rains in June or
July and harvesting of the same starts in August or September month
therefore fresh rice mainly enter the Indian market October onwards.
Major Rice Grades Exported from India: Basmati Rice, Pusa Rice,
Long Grain Rice (Parwmal), Short Grain Rice, Broken Rice, Sona Masuri etc.
Major Export destination of Indian rice:
- Basmati Rice: Saudi Arabia, Iran, Kuwait, U.K, U.A.E, European
Union countries, Australia, Denmark, and Finland.
- Non Basmati Rice: Nigeria, Senegal, Indonesia, U.A.E, Ivory
Cost & Bangladesh.
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